How the solenoid valve works

Solenoid valve is an industrial equipment controlled by electromagnetism. It is a basic component of automation used to control fluids and is an actuator. Not limited to hydraulic and pneumatic. It is widely used in our daily life. First of all, we have a preliminary understanding of the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve is composed of an electromagnetic coil and a magnetic core. It is a valve body containing one or several holes. When the coil is energized or de-energized, the operation of the magnetic core will cause the fluid to pass through the valve body or be cut off to achieve the purpose of changing the direction of the fluid.

How the solenoid valve works. There is a closed cavity in the solenoid valve, with through holes at different positions. Each hole leads to a different oil pipe. There is a valve in the middle of the cavity and two electromagnets on both sides. Whichever side of the magnet coil is energized will be attracted to the valve body. Wherever it goes, the movement of the valve body is controlled to block or leak different oil drain holes. The oil inlet hole is normally open, and the hydraulic oil will enter the different oil drain pipes, and then push the cylinder through the pressure of the oil. The piston drives the piston rod, which drives the mechanical device. In this way, the mechanical movement is controlled by controlling the current of the electromagnet.

According to the principle, solenoid valves are divided into three categories: direct-acting, distributed direct-acting, and pilot-operated. According to the structure, they are divided into two categories: diaphragm solenoid valves and piston solenoid valves.