Variable piston pump structure and working principle
The high-pressure variable piston pump is a fluid control equipment widely used in various industrial fields. Its unique structure and working principle enable it to have excellent flow control and pressure regulation capabilities. Before understanding the working principle of a variable displacement piston pump, we need to first understand its basic structure.
1. Structure of variable displacement piston pump
The variable displacement piston pump is mainly composed of a pump body, a plunger, a valve plate, a spring, a swash plate and a transmission shaft. The pump body is the foundation of the plunger pump, which provides space for the plunger to move. The plunger is the core component of the pump. Through its reciprocating motion in the pump body, the liquid is sucked in and discharged. The valve plate is responsible for controlling the movement of the plunger and the flow direction of the liquid. The spring is used to adjust the movement of the plunger to control the flow of the pump. The swash plate and drive shaft are responsible for driving the plunger to reciprocate.
2. Working principle of variable piston pump
The working principle of the variable axial piston pump can be summarized as the three processes of liquid suction, compression and discharge. When the drive shaft drives the swash plate to rotate, the plunger makes reciprocating motion under the action of the swash plate and spring. When the plunger moves backward, the volume in the pump body increases, forming a low-pressure area, and the liquid is sucked into the pump body under the action of atmospheric pressure. When the plunger moves forward, the volume in the pump body decreases, the liquid is compressed and generates high pressure, and then is discharged from the pump body through the valve plate.
The characteristic of the variable displacement piston pump is that it can change the movement stroke of the plunger by adjusting the preload force of the spring, thereby achieving precise control of the flow rate. In addition, by changing the inclination angle of the swash plate, the pressure and flow rate of the pump can also be adjusted steplessly, making it adaptable to various complex working environments.
3. Application and Prospects
Due to its unique structure and working principle, variable displacement piston pumps are widely used in petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, electric power, shipbuilding, machinery manufacturing and other industrial fields. With the advancement of science and technology and the development of industry, the requirements for fluid control equipment are becoming higher and higher. With its excellent performance and wide adaptability, variable displacement piston pumps will play a more important role in future industrial development.
At the same time, with the continuous emergence of new materials, new processes and new technologies, the performance of variable displacement piston pumps will be further improved. For example, the use of plungers and distribution plates made of new materials can improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the pump; the use of advanced manufacturing processes and processing technologies can improve the accuracy and reliability of the pump; the use of intelligent control systems can achieve Remote monitoring and automatic control of the pump further improve its efficiency and safety.
4. Summary
As an important fluid control device, the variable piston hydraulic pump has excellent flow control and pressure regulation capabilities due to its unique structure and working principle. Through an in-depth understanding of its structure and working principles, we can better understand and apply this equipment and make greater contributions to industrial production and scientific and technological progress. At the same time, with the continuous development of new materials, new processes and new technologies, we have reason to believe that the performance and application prospects of variable displacement piston pumps will be broader.